LOS ADJETIVOS

LOS ADJETIVOS:

1. Remember that adjectives agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify. Adjectives ending in -o are masculine and those ending in -a are feminine. Those ending in a consonant may be either masculine or feminine. For the plural, add -s to those ending in a vowel and -es for those ending in a consonant. If the adjective ends in -z, change the “z” to a “c” and add -es.

el libro rojo / los libros rojos / esa chica bonita / esas chicas bonitas / una prueba fácil / unas pruebas fáciles / su padre feliz / sus padres felices

2. Adjectives ending in -dor in the masculine and adjectives of nationality that end in a consonant are made feminine by adding -a.     

un profesor trabajador / una profesora trabajadora / mi amigo español / mi amiga española / este hombre francés / esta mujer francesa

3. Position of adjectives: Limiting adjectives usually precede the noun and descriptive adjectives usually follow the noun they modify. Limiting adjectives include the following: numerals (uno, dos,.../ primero, segundo,...), definite and indefinite articles (el, la.../un, una...), demonstratives (este, ese, aquel,...), possessives (mi, tu, su,...), and any adjectives of quantity (mucho, alguno,...). Descriptive adjectives include adjectives of color, size, shape, characteristics, and nationalities.

tres casas blancas / nuestra prima inteligente / algunas revistas interesantes / muchos niños ruidosos / esos edificios altos y nuevos

4. Some adjectives change their meaning depending on whether they precede or follow the noun.

un viejo amigo (an old friend-one for a long time) / un amigo viejo (an elderly friend) / nuestro antiguo doctor (our former doctor) / mi anillo antiguo (my antique ring) / la pobre chica (the poor-pitiful girl) / la chica pobre (the poor girl-no money) / una gran ciudad(a great city) / una ciudad grande (a big city)

5. These adjectives drop the -o before masculine singular nouns: uno, bueno, malo, primero, tercero. These drop the -o and add an accent before masculine singular nouns: alguno, ninguno.

ese buen perro / el primer viaje / algún consejo / ningún chico

6. Other adjectives shorten before certain nouns. Santo changes to San before masculine saints names except those beginning with Do- or To-. Grande changes to gran before any singular noun.  Ciento changes to cien before all nouns and before mil and millones.

San Pedro / Santo Domingo / una gran playa / un gran gato /  cien papeles / cien mil dólares / ciento cincuenta páginas

Escribe en español:

1. some Spanish girl / no Mexican boy-

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2. the first good restaurant / the last bad example-

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3. Saint Thomas / Saint Francis / Saint Mary-

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4. a big lady / a great lady / some big houses / some great men-

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5. 100 problems / 110 students / 100,000 dollars / 100 million persons-

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6. this poor (pitiful) dog / that poor (no money) teacher-

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7. the third day / the second night-

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8. the only English class / a unique individual-

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9. a few difficult and interesting stories-

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10. a hardworking employee-

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11. their green and blue pencils-

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12. my tall, dark, and handsome boyfriend-

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Completa con la forma correcta de los adjetivos:

1. carteles-(mucho/bonito)-________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ciudad-(uno/grande-big/interesante)-______________________________________________________________________________

3. computadoras-(poco/bueno)-____________________________________________________________________________________

4. lápiz-(dos/azul)-______________________________________________________________________________________________

5. hombre-(uno/pobre-pitiful/desesperado)-___________________________________________________________________________

6. camareras-(el/único-only/trabajador)-______________________________________________________________________________

7. día-(ninguno/malo)-____________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Tomás y Pablo-(Santo)-________________________________________________________________________________________

9. personas-(ciento/español/alto)-___________________________________________________________________________________

10. muchachas-(150/inglés/inteligente)-______________________________________________________________________________

11. lección-(alguno/difícil/largo)-____________________________________________________________________________________

12. vez-(el/segundo)-____________________________________________________________________________________________

13. calcetines-(varios/rojo/verde)-___________________________________________________________________________________

14. abogados-(ese/francés/listo)-___________________________________________________________________________________

15. hospital-(el/tercero/moderno)-___________________________________________________________________________________